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| Florine Fuqua (standing), 13, South Boston, Va, June 1911. Photo by Lewis Hine. CLICK TO ENLARGE. |
(L-R): Florine, Mattie, Mollie (mother), Pearl (in
Mollie's lap), Jerry (boy, despite wearing what appears to be a dress), Etta, James.
Ebb-tide in the industry. Family of Mrs. Wm. Fuqua.
On account of slack work in the cotton mill, her husband recently got work up-town. He is the only wage earner. Six in the
family. The oldest girl is 14 years old now. She worked last year, but the lint affected her so much they had to take her
out. Location: South Boston, Virginia, June 1911, Lewis Hine.
"She was an excellent seamstress. She could make clothes
by cutting a pattern out of newspaper and then putting it down on cloth and sewing it by hand. When you're poor, you learn
to do those things." -Beverly Ault, granddaughter of Florine Fuqua
Lewis Hine took six photographs in South Boston, Virginia,
all of children and families who worked at the Century Cotton Mill, later the Halifax Damask Mills, sometimes called simply
the Halifax Cotton Mill. That is where Florine's father would have been working until there was "slack work." His
new "up-town" job was probably at one of the tobacco processing factories or warehouses. Florine would have also
worked at Century until, as Hine said, "the lint affected her so much they had to take her out." According to an
illustrated walking tour posted on OldHalifax.com, the Halifax Damask Mill "held the patent for the red-checked damask
which is used for tablecloths in so many restaurants worldwide."
The following is from a 1986 application by the town to
obtain nomination of the area around the Halifax Cotton Mill to the National Register of Historic Places.
"While South Boston's late 19th-century
economy depended upon the tobacco industry, the textile industry also figured prominently in the early development of the
town. In 1897 the Century Cotton Mill, later known as Halifax Cotton Mill, was established along Railroad Avenue, southwest
of town. The original two-story brick factory still survives. A larger rectangular structure punctuated by rows of tall segmental-arched
windows on both floors, its most characteristic feature is a tall square brick entrance tower centrally positioned along the
building's principal façade. The tower has tall paired round-arched windows and a horizontal row of circular openings
on each elevation. Brick corbelling and heavy crenellation gives the tower a medieval appearance. Sympathetic rear and side
additions date from around 1927."
"Situated
on a hill high above the Halifax Cotton Mill is a collection of forty-eight dwellings that were originally built around 1900
as employee housing by the cotton mill. Comprising a company town set apart from the city below, this area consists of modest
single-story frame houses of three types. Most of the houses are weatherboarded structures with shallow gable roofs and paired
or single central brick chimneys and a simple three-bay porch. Other houses, perhaps residences of higher ranking employees,
are larger hip-roofed structures with asymmetrically positioned recessed front porches. At least two houses are 1 ½-story
New England saltbox-type dwellings with central brick chimneys and full-length five-bay front porches. Situated on general
lots, these houses were probably inhabited by foremen or managers of the cotton mill and their families. Although now individually
owned by residents, the houses have retained a basic uniformity with few modern alterations."

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| From the application for nomination to the National Register. |
The millhouses were just south of the mill, along Summit
Drive and the tiny streets off Summit. The house in Hine's photograph was probably one of them. The mill was demolished about
10 years ago, except for the tower and a smokestack.

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| Halifax Mill, date unknown. Courtesy of Halifax County Historical Society. |

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| Courtesy of Dan Shaw. CLICK TO ENLARGE. |

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| Courtesy of Dan Shaw. CLICK TO ENLARGE. |
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